Escherichia coli (USP/EP)
Escherichia coli is a Gram‑negative bacterium used as a critical indicator of contamination and manufacturing hygiene. Under USP <62>, E. coli is classified as a specified (objectionable) microorganism and must be absent from applicable non‑sterile pharmaceutical products. Testing for E. coli is performed using selective enrichment and differential culture methods designed to detect low‑level contamination in finished products, raw materials, and excipients. Demonstration of absence supports compliance with USP requirements, global pharmacopeial standards, and current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP). Under USP <2022>, Escherichia coli is a specified microorganism that must be absent from dietary supplements and nutritional products. Its detection may indicate unsanitary handling, contaminated raw materials, or ineffective process controls.Pharmaceutical Products (USP <62>)
Escherichia coli — Specified Microorganism (USP <62>)
Dietary Supplements & Nutritional Products (USP <2022>)
Escherichia coli — USP <2022> Absence Requirement